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Study of Chinese Learners' Pedagogical Choices in Korean In addition to learner-internal influences, CLKs' awareness of the need to be pragmatic and the relationship advantages they had access to were crucial. For instance the RIs from TS and ZL both cited their local professor relationships as a major factor in their decision to avoid criticising the strictness of a professor (see the example 2). This article reviews all local published practical research on Korean up to 2020. It focuses on practical core topics such as: Discourse Construction Tests The test for discourse completion (DCT) is an instrument that is widely used in research that is based on pragmatic principles. It has many advantages but it also has a few drawbacks. For example it is that the DCT is unable to account for the cultural and individual differences in communication. The DCT can also be biased and result in overgeneralizations. It should be carefully analyzed before being used for research or evaluation. Despite its limitations, the DCT can be a valuable instrument to study the relationship between prosody and information structure in non-native speakers. The ability of the DCT in two or more stages to manipulate the social variables that are related to politeness can be a strength. This feature can help researchers understand the role of prosody in communication across cultural contexts, a key issue in cross-cultural pragmatics. In the field of linguistics the DCT has emerged as one of the most important tools to analyze learners' behavior in communication. It can be used to examine a variety of issues that include the manner of speaking, turn taking and lexical choices. It can also be used to determine the phonological complexity of the learners' speech. Recent research used the DCT as a tool to assess the skills of refusal among EFL students. Participants were presented with a range of scenarios to choose from and then asked to select the appropriate response. The authors found that the DCT was more efficient than other methods of refusal, including a questionnaire and video recordings. However, the researchers cautioned that the DCT should be employed with caution and include other methods for collecting data. DCTs are often developed with specific linguistic criteria in mind, such as content and form. These criterion are intuitive and is based on the assumptions made by the test developers. They aren't always accurate and may misrepresent the way ELF learners respond to requests in real-world interactions. This issue requires more study on alternative methods for measuring refusal competence. A recent study has compared DCT responses to requests submitted by students via email with those gathered from an oral DCT. The results showed that DCTs favored more direct and conventionally-indirect request forms and utilized more hints than email data. Metapragmatic Questionnaires (MQs) This study investigated Chinese learners' pragmatic decisions regarding their use of Korean through a variety of tools that were tested, including Discourse Completion Tasks (DCTs), metapragmatic questionnaires, and Refusal Interviews (RIs). The participants were 46 CLKs of upper intermediate level who answered MQs, DCTs and RIs. They were also required to provide reflections on their assessments and refusals in RIs. The results revealed that CLKs frequently chose to reject native Korean norms of pragmatism. Their choices were influenced by four factors: their personalities and multilingual identities, their current life histories, as well as their relational affordances. These findings have implications for pedagogy for L2 Korean assessment. The MQ data was analyzed first to determine the participants' choices in practice. The data were categorized according to Ishihara's (2010) definition of pragmatic resistance. Then, we compared their choices made by the participants with their linguistic performance on DCTs in order to determine if they are indicative of pragmatic resistance. Interviewees also had to explain why they chose the pragmatic approach in certain situations. The results of the MQs and DCTs were then examined using descriptive statistics and z-tests. The CLKs were discovered to use euphemistic words like “sorry” or “thank you”. This is likely due to their lack experience with the target languages, leading to an inadequate knowledge of korean's pragmatic norms. The results revealed that CLKs' preferences to differ from L1 and L2 norms or to move towards L1 varied depending on the DCT situations. For instance, in Situations 3 and 12 the CLKs favored to diverge from both L1 as well as L2 pragmatic norms while in Situation 14 they favored a convergence to L1 norms. The RIs also revealed that the CLKs were aware of their pragmatic resistance in each DCT situation. RIs were conducted on a one-to-one basis in the space of two days of participants having completed the MQs. The RIs, which were transcribed and recorded by two independent coders who then coded them. The code was re-coded repeatedly, with the coders re-reading and discussing each transcript. The results of the coding process were evaluated against the original RI transcripts, which gave an indication of how well the RIs accurately portrayed the core behavior. Interviews with Refusal The central problem in the field of pragmatic research is: Why do some learners choose not to accept native-speaker norms? Recent research attempted to answer this question with a variety of experiments, including DCTs MQs and RIs. The participants consisted of 46 CLKs, 44 CNSs and 45 KNSs from five Korean universities. They were required to complete the DCTs in their native language and to complete the MQs in either their L1 or their L2. Then, they were invited to attend a RI where they were asked to think about their responses to the DCT situations. The results showed that CLKs on average, did not conform to the norms of native speakers in more than 40 percent of their responses. They did this despite the fact that they could produce patterns that were similar to natives. They were also aware of their pragmatic resistance. They attributed their resistance to learner-internal variables such as their identities and personalities as well as multilingual identities. They also mentioned external factors, like relational affordances. They also discussed, for instance, how their relations with their professors enabled them to perform better in terms of the cultural and linguistic standards of their university. The interviewees expressed concerns about the social pressures and penalties they might face when their social norms were not followed. They were concerned that their native counterparts may view them as “foreignersand consider them unintelligent. This worry was similar to that expressed by Brown (2013) and Ishihara (2009). These results suggest that native-speaker practical norms are no longer the preferred choice of Korean learners. They may remain useful as a model for official Korean proficiency tests. Future researchers should reassess the validity of these tests in various cultural contexts and specific situations. This will help them better comprehend how different environments could affect the practical behavior of L2 students in the classroom and beyond. 프라그마틱 무료 슬롯 will also assist educators to improve their methods of teaching and testing Korean pragmatics. Seukhoon Paul Choi, principal advisor at Stratways Group in Seoul, is a geopolitical risk consulting. Case Studies The case study method is an investigative strategy that employs participant-centered, in-depth investigations to explore a specific subject. It is a method that utilizes numerous sources of data to help support the findings, such as interviews or observations, documents and artifacts. This kind of investigation can be used to analyze unique or complex issues that are difficult to other methods to measure. The first step in the case study is to clearly define the subject and the goals of the study. This will allow you to determine what aspects of the subject are important to investigate and which aspects can be left out. It is also helpful to review the existing literature to gain a general knowledge of the subject and place the situation in a wider theoretical context. This case study was built on an open-source platform called the KMMLU Leaderboard [50] and its benchmarks for Koreans, HyperCLOVA X, and LDCC Solar (figure 1 below). The results of the study revealed that the L2 Korean students were highly susceptible to native models. They were more likely to select incorrect answer options that were literal interpretations of the prompts, thereby ignoring precise pragmatic inference. They also had a strong tendency to add their own words or “garbage” to their responses. This lowered the quality of their responses. The participants in this study were L2 Korean students who had attained the level of four in the Test of Proficiency in Korean TOPIK in their third or second year at university and hoped to attain level six on their next attempt. They were asked to respond to questions regarding their WTC/SPCC and comprehension and pragmatic awareness. Interviewees were presented with two hypothetical situations involving an interaction with their co-workers and were asked to choose one of the strategies listed below to use when making an offer. The interviewees were asked to justify their decision. The majority of participants attributed their pragmatist opposition to their personalities. TS, for example, claimed that she was difficult to talk to and refused to inquire about the health of her co-worker when they were working at a high rate, even though she believed native Koreans would.